Coca-Cola Is Everything: SCM, CRM, Collaboration, You Name It

On the off chance that we revealed to you that Coca-Cola has working units in 50 nations around the globe, you likely wouldn’t be astonished. On the off chance that we revealed to you that Coca-Cola had been doing business for very nearly 125 years, you likely wouldn’t be astounded. Things being what they are, you tell us†¦ what number of various refreshments does Coca-Cola produce? 100? 500? 2,000? Is it accurate to say that you are shocked at this point? Around the world, Coca-Cola delivers an astonishing 2,800 distinctive beverages.When an association is that huge, has that kind of overall nearness, and flaunts what is maybe the most notable brand ever, you can wager that a huge number of IT frameworks are continually agitating out of sight, keeping the association running, yet in addition keeping in running in front of the opposition. To help interior coordinated effort endeavors, Coke made something it calls its Common Innovation Framework, a Web-based framewo rk that joins venture the board capacities with business intelligence.Using the Innovation Framework, anybody from any of the working units worldwide can scan for, find, and apply ideas, procedures, improvement victories, and promoting approaches that have been utilized somewhere else in the association. For instance, while presenting Georgia teas in Australia, the Coke individuals Down Under can investigate what showcasing techniques functioned admirably in related nations, for example, New Zealand.As Jean-Michel Ares, Coke CIO, clarifies it, â€Å"Once you’ve amassed that pipeline of development, the article is to survey and organize the best portion of assets in the association. † Beyond inward representatives, Coke is connecting with new and creative IT steps. As of late, it revealed another line of programming administrations dependent on many business procedures to its more distant family of bottlers. These product benefits each play out a particular basic busine ss capacity and run inside SAP's ERP programming and are conveyed by Coke's IBM-facilitated information centers.The objective is to make a normalized business and innovation stage over all Coke bottlers, the vast majority of which are autonomous establishments. (There are some somewhat possessed by Coke. ) If Coke and every one of its bottlers are communicating in a similar language, in a manner of speaking, and utilizing a similar innovation, at that point gracefully chain the board applications will be all the more proficiently smoothed out. Normalization for this situation likens to setting aside cash by decreasing costs related with gracefully chain activities.And even past its more distant family of bottlers, Coke is utilizing innovation to make dedication and connect more with its clients. Its honor winning Web webpage, My Coke Rewards at www. mycokerewards. com, is the second most well known customer bundled merchandise site, behind just www. kraftfoods. com. My Coke Rewards draws in about 300,000 guests for every day. Offering everything from magazine memberships to hardware as costs (simply look under the top), My Coke Rewards has reconnected Coke with its unwavering drinkers.The site has collaborated with mainstream society rages, for example, American Idol, soccer, and auto dashing to bring much more clients into the overlay. You can even discover Coke-marked melodies through iTunes. 1) Describe the different IT-empowered activities examined for this situation study. 2) Describe two distinct types of e-cooperation for this situation study. For each, articulate the advantages to Coke. 3) What kind of business insight could Coke assemble from its My Coke Rewards Web website? How might it utilize this data for client relationship the board exercises? Coca-Cola Is Everything: SCM, CRM, Collaboration, You Name It On the off chance that we disclosed to you that Coca-Cola has working units in 50 nations around the globe, you presumably wouldn’t be astonished. On the off chance that we disclosed to you that Coca-Cola had been doing business for right around 125 years, you likely wouldn’t be astounded. All in all, you tell us†¦ what number of various refreshments does Coca-Cola produce? 100? 500? 2,000? Is it accurate to say that you are astounded at this point? Around the world, Coca-Cola delivers a stunning 2,800 distinctive beverages.When an association is that enormous, has that kind of overall nearness, and flaunts what is maybe the most notable brand ever, you can wager that a large number of IT frameworks are continually stirring out of sight, keeping the association running, yet additionally keeping in running in front of the competition.To bolster interior coordinated effort endeavors, Coke made something it calls its Common Innovation Framework, a Web-based framework that consolidates venture the board abilities with business insight. Utilizing the Innovation Framework, anybody from any of the working units worldwide can look for, find, and apply ideas, techniques, advancement victories, and promoting approaches that have been utilized somewhere else in the organization.For model, while presenting Georgia teas in Australia, the Coke individuals Down Under can explore what advertising methodologies functioned admirably in related nations, for example, New Zealand. As Jean-Michel Ares, Coke CIO, clarifies it, â€Å"Once you’ve collected that pipeline of development, the article is to survey and organize the best designation of assets in the organization.†Beyond inward representatives, Coke is connecting with new and creative IT steps. As of late, it revealed another line of programming administrations dependent on many business procedures to its more distant family of bottlers. These product benefits each play out a particular regula r business capacity and run inside SAP's ERP programming and are conveyed by Coke's IBM-facilitated information centers.The objective is to make a normalized business and innovation stage over all Coke bottlers, a large portion of which are autonomous establishments. (There are some somewhat possessed by Coke.) If Coke and every one of its bottlers areâ speaking a similar language, as it were, and utilizing a similar innovation, at that point flexibly chain the executives applications will be all the more effectively smoothed out. Normalization for this situation compares to setting aside cash by diminishing costs related with gracefully chain activities.And even past its more distant family of bottlers, Coke is utilizing innovation to make devotion and connect more with its clients. Its honor winning Web website, My Coke Rewards at www.mycokerewards.com, is the second most well known customer bundled merchandise webpage, behind just www.kraftfoods.com.My Coke Rewards pulls in some where in the range of 300,000 guests for every day. Offering everything from magazine memberships to gadgets as costs (simply look under the top), My Coke Rewards has reconnected Coke with its reliable consumers. The site has collaborated with mainstream society rages, for example, American Idol, soccer, and auto hustling to bring significantly more clients into the crease. You can even discover Coke-marked tunes through iTunes.1) Describe the different IT-empowered activities talked about for this situation study. 2) Describe two unique types of e-joint effort for this situation study. For each, articulate the advantages to Coke. 3) What kind of business knowledge could Coke assemble from its My Coke Rewards Web webpage? How might it utilize this data for client relationship the board exercises?

Bless Me Ultima Def Free Essays

Lopez 1 Tiffani Lopez Ms. Carlos Period 4 March 4, 2013 DEF Term: Pathos Definition: the quality or force in a genuine educational encounter or in writing, music, discourse, or different types of articulation, of bringing out a sentiment of pity or empathy. (http://word reference. We will compose a custom article test on Favor Me Ultima Def or on the other hand any comparative point just for you Request Now reference. com/peruse/tenderness? s=t) Example: In Chapter 6 of Rudolfo Anaya’s Bless Me Ultima, Anaya utilizes emotion, â€Å"For the first occasion when I would be away from the insurance of my mom (Anaya51). Capacity: The emotion utilized on the above model is noteworthy on the grounds that it clarifies the measure of affection and connection Antonio has towards his mom, Maria. Related article: Arguments Made in Take the Tortillas Out of Your Poetry It shows how she huge of an effect she is a major part of his life. It additionally depicts the commonplace connection among child and mother. In which, the mother is playing the defensive, sustaining watchman. While her posterity â€son (for this situation) †is innocent to the â€Å"real world. † In the content where it expresses this would be the first run through Antonio would leave his mom, can be contrasted with the infant winged creature leaving the home. The character of Maria could identify with the home and the child feathered creature to Antonio. The home speaking to insurance and security, and the infant winged creature speaks to dread and bashfulness. This Lopez 2 Examination portends how gullible and shy Antonio becomes without his mom at school. This feeling sets up a state of mind of sympathy. The disposition is empathy on the grounds that Antonio’s dread and apprehension is justifiable. The creator is contending that Antonio needs develop and turn into a man, however is frightful in light of the fact that this is something totally new to him. The general tone of this case of feeling is stressed. The tone is this since you can detect Antonio’s stress for himself without his mom. The purpose of the tenderness was to bring consideration the significance of a maternal figure in Antonio’s life. The general topic imparted by utilizing this poignancy is that life is a learning experience; discovering some new information, you learn frightened. Plath’s point was to bring out concern whether Antonio will â€Å"survive† school. The tenderness identifies with the whole section 6 on the grounds that all through the part Antonio confesses to wanting for his mother’s nearness since he is desolate, yet expected to turn into a man. Works Cited â€Å"Pathos. † Dictionary. com Unabridged. Arbitrary House, Inc. 03 Mar. 2013. Word reference. com http://word reference. reference. com/peruse/emotion. Anaya, Rudolfo A. Favor Me, Ultima. New York: Warner Books, 1994. Print. The most effective method to refer to Bless Me Ultima Def, Essay models

Minimalism + Creativity (Announcement)

Minimalism + Creativity (Announcement) The Minimalists will bring a minimalism talk and live podcast to eight cities during the Less Coast Tour. Well be joined by a special podcast guest in each city, and together well discuss how creativity influences every aspect of our livesâ€"from our health and relationships to our work and community. Well also kick off each show with a special musical guest. Today, we are excited to announce these special guests. CORONAVIRUS UPDATE: With consideration for your safety, we have decided to postpone the Less Coast Tour until this fall to protect our audience. All tickets will automatically transfer to the new dates. Details will be published on this tour page, and via email, as soon as they are available. Read our full statement here. April 13 â€" Vancouver (tickets) Podcast: Paul Jarvis | Music: Canyon City April 14 â€" Seattle (tickets) Podcast: Noah Gundersen | Music: Canyon City April 15 â€" Portland (tickets) Podcast: Kevin Rose | Music: Canyon City April 18 â€" San Francisco (tickets) Podcast: Matt Nathanson | Music: Matt Nathanson April 20 â€" Los Angeles (tickets) Podcast: Eric Weinstein | Music: Lee DeWyze April 21 â€" San Diego (tickets) Podcast: Leo Babauta | Music: Raelee Nikole April 23 â€" Orange County (tickets) Podcast: Erwin McManus | Music: Rosi Golan April 26 â€" Sacramento (tickets) Podcast: T.K. Coleman | Music: Andy Davis Ticket options. Regular tickets include seated access to the event. VIP tickets include premium seating in the rows reserved closest to the stage, as well as access to the pre-show meet and greet. More cities. If youd like to be notified when were coming to a city near you, sign up for our email list or send a text message to our private text group. Subscribe to The Minimalists via email.

Lean Production Toyotas Secret Weapon - 1314 Words

Book Summary The Story of Lean Production – Toyota’s Secret Weapon in the Global Car Wars That is Revolutionizing World Industry In the beginning of the book, the authors generally introduce three kinds of the worldwide industry in its production system’s development from the very first one to the newest approach, which are craft production, mass production, and lean production respectively. The Industry of Industries in Transition. they look through the history of the automobile manufacturing by spelling out Henry Ford and Alfred Sloan, who left behind the old-fashioned type of production, craft production, and began a new age of the world manufacture with mass production. Also, they mention about Eiji Toyoda and Taiichi Ohno, who initially started the conception, â€Å"lean production†, which, nowadays, has been seeking by manufacturers of all kind of industries on over the world. In addition, the writers provide a quick view in the comparison among craft production, mass production, and lean production in which they point out the drawbacks of craft production, the obstacles of mass production, and the advantages of lean production. The author emphasize that no lean manufacturer has ever reached the ideal target of lean production, but they will continuously attempt to gain the perfections of lean production. This section, additionally, represents the impact of lean production on the professional careers and the working condition of employees these days. In the end of thisShow MoreRelatedThe Story Of Lean Production : Toyota s Secret Weapon951 Words   |  4 PagesBook Summary In the book â€Å"The Story of Lean Production – Toyota’s Secret Weapon in the Global Car Wars That is Revolutionizing World Industry†, published in 2007, James P. Womack, Daniel T. Jones, and Daniel Roos generally introduce and discuss about three worldwide industrial manufacturing methods from the very first approach to the most current one, which are craft production, mass production, and lean production respectively. The Industry of Industries in Transition. they look through theRead MoreLean Production : Toyota s Secret Weapon969 Words   |  4 PagesIn their book The Story of Lean Production – Toyota’s Secret Weapon in the Global Car Wars That is Revolutionizing World Industry, published in 2007, James P. Womack, Daniel T. Jones, and Daniel Roos generally introduce and discuss about three industrial manufacturing methods from the very first approach to the most current one, which are craft production, mass production, and lean production respectively. Basically, their main points are focusing on lean production and its development as well asRead MoreToyota Supply Chain78751 Words   |  316 PagesSUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT A STRATEGIC APPROACH TO THE PRINCIPLES OF TOYOTA’S RENOWNED SYSTEM ANANTH V. IYER SRIDHAR SESHADRI ROY VASHER New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi San Juan Seoul Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright  © 2009 by Ananth V. Iyer, Sridhar Seshadri, and Roy Vasher. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form orRead MoreGeneral Electric60506 Words   |  243 Pagesdiversify broadly or narrowly. 3. Markets are usually diverse enough to offer competitors sufficient latitude to avoid look-alike strategies. 4. At companies intent on gaining sales and market share at the expense of competitors, managers lean toward most offensive strategies while conservative risk-avoiding companies prefer a sound defense to an aggressive offense. 5. There is no shortage of opportunity to fashion a strategy that tightly fits a company’s own particular situation andRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagespostmodernism The changing condition of knowledge Pay and profits: Long run performance of FTSE 100 companies (2002 prices) Five core points of transformational leadership Ideas and perspectives: alienation and anomie compared Two modes of knowledge production Contrasting types of isomorphism 44 71 90 207 214 223 248 249 258 397–398 402 418 443 452 . Acknowledgements Author’s acknowledgements The creation of this text was a challenging adventure, and we would like to acknowledge the contributionRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 Pagesfundamental factor in managing profit maintenance and growth during fluctuations in the economy, have taken on additional management dimensions, especially for technology products, in which variable costs become low. An example is software, for which production costs can be minimal. When customers may suddenly cut Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum: The Power of Management Capitol 1. New Management for Business Growth in a Demanding Economy Text  © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2004 5 CHAPTER 1 NEWRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 Pagesa product? The dimensions of product policy Brand strategies The development of new products Pricing policies and strategies Approaches to price setting Methods of pricing 12.10 Deciding on the pricing objectives 12.12 Using price as a tactical weapon 12.13 Promotion and marketing communications 12.14 Distribution strategies and the distribution plan 12.15 Channel management 12.16 The ‘soft’ elements of the marketing mix CONTENTS ix 12.17 Integrating the elements of the marketing mixRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesAyana Jones Senior Managing Editor: Judy Leale Production Project Manager: Becca Groves Senior Operations Supervisor: Arnold Vila Operations Specialist: Cathleen Petersen Senior Art Director: Janet Slowik Art Director: Kenny Beck Text and Cover Designer: Wanda Espana OB Poll Graphics: Electra Graphics Cover Art: honey comb and a bee working / Shutterstock / LilKar Sr. Media Project Manager, Editorial: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager, Production: Lisa Rinaldi Full-Service Project Management:Read MoreManaging Information Technology (7th Edition)239873 Words   |  960 PagesSally Yagan Editor in Chief: Eric Svendsen AVP/Executive Editor: Bob Horan Editorial Project Manager: Mary Kate Murray Editorial Assistant: Jason Calcano Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba Jones Senior Marketing Manager: Anne Fahlgren Production Manager: Debbie Ryan Art Director: Jayne Conte Cover Designer: Bruce Kenselaar Photo Researcher: Karen Sanatar Manager, Rights and Permissions: Hessa Albader Cover Art: Fotolia Media Editor: Denise Vaughn Media Project Manager: Lisa Rinaldi

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass Essay examples

Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass Illiteracy was an instrumental tool used to deprive slaves in an attempt to keep them ignorant and manageable during the 1800’s. If slaves were to learn how to read, they could in turn be educated. The oppressing class during this time period realized that if slaves were able to become educated they could no longer be useful, for it would be increasingly difficult to exploit their services. The ability to read was the white man’s power over slaves. Douglass, realizing the situation of his enslavement, took advantage of his privileges and began to secretly learn how to read and write. As he become more proficient in English, Douglass began to gain a following of slaves who were willing†¦show more content†¦While Douglass lived with Mr. Freeland he gained a very close knit of friends with the slaves on the farm. They were a community which acted as one, each member responsible for the other. Before his escape, Douglass was able to ignite the will to learn into th ose on the farm and the farms surrounding. He devoted his Sundays and three evenings a week to educating his community and â€Å"several of those who came to Sabbath school learned how to read; and that one, at least, is now free†(88). He gave those who were trapped the same utensils that were given to him when he was younger. Douglass provided a way for other slaves to learn about religion, shedding light on their mental darkness and even â€Å"had at one time over forty scholars†(88). As his ideology of education became more accepted throughout the farm, Douglass was able to gather an escape team. Amidst all the planning, Douglass wrote a protection for each of the men stating they were allowed to travel to Baltimore for the holiday. This is the advantage Douglass, a literate slave, has over other slaves and also other whites. No other slave would be able to legibly write a letter of protection and no other white person would expect a slave to know how to write. By D ouglass knowing how to write, it makes the authenticity of the protections seem more probable. Douglass, however, never got to execute his escape. Another slave betrayed him and his plans wereShow MoreRelatedNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass987 Words   |  4 PagesLife of Frederick In the â€Å"narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass an American slave written by himself† Frederick reveled to audience the time he was living as a slave and the moments of brutal treats for example psychological, emotional and physical abuses. He was suffering terrible moments during his 20 years as a slave in the twentieth century. In addition, he describes in his own words the strategies he used to escape from the slave holders and to be free. This story the â€Å"Narrative of theRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesDate Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Writing in the favor of black people has always remained controversial from the very beginning. Critics regard such writing as â€Å"a highly conventionalized genre† indicating that â€Å"its status as literature was long disputed but the literary merits of its most famous example such as Frederick Douglass s Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass†¦are widely recognized today.† (Ryan:537) Despite of such severe resistance, writers like Douglass have pennedRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1566 Words   |  7 PagesThe â€Å"Narratives of the Life of Frederick Douglass† is the story of Frederick Douglass’ life from the time he was born into slavery, to the time he escaped to freedom in the north. When Douglass wrote this book, slavery was still legal in a large portion of the United States. After Douglass’ escape to freedom and his continuation of his education, he became an abolitionist through his works of literatu re and speeches. In â€Å"The Blessings of Slavery†, by George Fitzhugh he states that southern slavesRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1257 Words   |  6 PagesBook Review By Mary Elizabeth Ralls Narrative of the life of Frederick Douglass: An autobiography written by Frederick Douglass Millennium publication, 1945edition 75 pages Frederick Douglass whose real name was Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey approximately birthdate is in1818, the month or day is not known, he died in 1895. He is one of the most famous advocates and the greatest leaders of anti-slavery in the past 200 or so years.Read MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass Essay1498 Words   |  6 Pagessoutherners believed that one of the most essential means of life was slavery. In the novel, Narrative of The Life of Frederick Douglass, Douglass challenges and debunks the idea of slavery being a necessary part of the white lifestyle; many pro-slavery arguments consisted of religion justifying slavery, slaves being â€Å"easily manipulated†/ignorant, and slavery keeping the southern economy from disappearing (The Proslavery Argument). Frederick uses personal experiences and other tactics to expose theRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1730 Words   |  7 PagesOne of the most well-known slavery narratives wa s lived and written by Frederick Douglass, Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass. Frederick Douglass was a civil rights activist who was born into slavery on a plantation in eastern Maryland in February 1818. His exact birth date is unknown, he states in his narrative, â€Å"I have no accurate knowledge of my age, never having seen any authentic record containing it.†2 His birth name was Frederick Augustus Washington Bailey, which was given by hisRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1363 Words   |  6 Pages In The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, Frederick Douglass portrays the importance of education because of its influence in leveling the playing field between the races in the 1800s. Education and knowledge are themes that are heavily dwelled upon throughout the novel, inspiring the reader to see the full power of such important ideals and to take the full advantage of both at all times. Douglass gives the reader a new appreciat ion for education as he delivers his message regardingRead MoreNarrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass1255 Words   |  6 PagesFrederick Douglass, throughout Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, uses religion to get many of his points across. In one way, religion plays a huge role in Douglass’ ability to become literate throughout the text. With the Bible and other Christian texts, Douglass is able to further his ability and the ability of others to read. This becomes important because as Douglass points out the slaveholders believe a literate slave is not a good slave. This union of literacy and religion show theRead MoreThe Narrative Life Of Frederick Douglass1583 Words   |  7 Pages‘The Narrative Life of Frederick Douglass’ is an autobiography of Frederick Douglass, the slave who escaped and became one of renowned social reformers of his time. The book is a collection of actual experiences of the author during his time in slavery and experienc es of fellow slaves. He describes brilliantly the oppressive conditions into which he was born, lived, as well as his struggles and triumphs. The author meant to make the reader comprehend life of the African Americans in slavery beforeRead MoreThe Narrative Of The Life Of Frederick Douglass939 Words   |  4 PagesRevolutionary Freedom In 1845, an African-American man named Frederick Douglass released a thought-provoking autobiography that would become a turning point in revolutionary change. The Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass was the first autobiography Douglass had written focusing on the real life struggles he has faced during his time spent in bondage. During his time, it was not common for an African-American to have the skills to read and write, and it was especially uncommon to publish

Gay Marriage Rights Free Essays

After the legalizations in Massachusetts and, most recently, California, gay marriage has been a growing trend in the United States. In the 8 months since the legalization, more and more gay couples have been rushing to California to tie the knot. However, California and Massachusetts are not the first to make an effort to strengthen the bonds of homosexual couples some European countries including Denmark, Holland, some Scandinavian countries, and others have legalized same-sex marriage and have found the results positive. We will write a custom essay sample on Gay Marriage Rights or any similar topic only for you Order Now Gay marriage has been a contradictory issue since gay men and women began requesting marriage licenses. However, gays are denied their rights to marriage licenses, which is denying then their rights as American citizens. Gays should be treated equally to heterosexuals and granted their rights to marry the person they love, whether they are the same or opposite gender. Although the idea of a same-sex wedding hasn’t been legal long enough for statistics to be developed on children of same-sex marriages’ developmental upbringing, or that they are harmed by their environment, many people seem to think that they will be less healthy or normal if the couple that raises them are homosexual. People believe that the children will grow up to be gay, or different from any normally raised child, if they don’t grow up in a â€Å"normal† family. The results of studies testing these ideas are quite contrary to the popular belief of heterosexual couples. In fact, the studies show that children raised by gay couples seem to be more adjusted than the â€Å"normally† raised ones. The argument that children raised in homosexual households will grow up to be gay is completely illegitimate. In a study of over 300 children of homosexual parents, there have been no indications that there are any disturbances in the development of the child’s sexual identity, or the lifestyle that the child will live later in life. In reality, most children raised by heterosexuals are not raised in normal households. With divorce also becoming popular we have families with three kids and only one parent. There is no doubt that homosexuals want to have children, and not only is the ban of gay marriage denying their rights to be married, but also denying them their rights to have a two-parent family with children. Some also say that marriage is between a man and a woman for procreation purposes, and that gays cannot naturally produce children. If this were the case then wouldn’t the state prohibit marriage between heterosexuals when one, or both, are sterile? If the purpose of marriage is, in fact, for procreation then who’s to say that post-menopausal women should have the right to marry? Children in foster care and orphanages are also a problem, so why not kill two birds with one stone and give gays their rights and orphans or unwanted children a home and a family that loves them? Another argument against gay marriage is that it is against religion. Whose religion? Some religions, such as Buddhism, actually celebrate gay marriage. The fact that gay marriages are illegal goes against not only the gays’ rights, but their rights also. And the fact that people are bringing the bible into their arguments also means that other religions religious rights are being infringed. The bible has no standing in American law, this was made clear by the first amendment of the United States constitution, and no one has any right or authority to set rules based on something they take as a moral injunction stated by the bible. The Christian and catholic religions cannot speak for all religions, and the United Stated government is allowing them to do just that. The main purpose of our government is to preserve the rights of the citizens, and at this, our government has failed. Homosexuals are not the only people being denied their rights, but also the members of certain religions that support same-sex marriages. Along with this, people also say that gay marriage would force churches that have an objection to perform gay marriage to perform same-sex weddings. There is no law stating that any church would be required to marry any couple, heterosexual or otherwise, that they do not wish to. Gay marriage would not change the churches right to refuse to sanctify any marriage that they do not wish to. It would only give churches the opportunity to legally wed gay couples if they would like to. None of the arguments above are valid. So now, let us examine the true reasons that people oppose the marriage of homosexual couples. Most people just are not comfortable with the idea. For years now, society has promoted the idea that two men or two women being married is wrong. This is mostly because of the arguments mentioned previously. However, none of those objections make sense! So neither does the idea that gay marriage is wrong. Being uncomfortable with a proposal is not a valid reason to oppose it. It is selfish to infringe other human beings’ rights for your How to cite Gay Marriage Rights, Papers

Grief Paper free essay sample

Disenfranchised grief is described as grief that cannot be openly expressed to others. It is a grief that society does not acknowledge or accepts. The grief or sadness can be uncomfortable to others. Examples of disenfranchised grief; loss of a limb, loss of a pet also a loss of a job. The grief reactions from death of a spouse is considered â€Å"normal† grief. But the death of an ex spouse can be considered a disenfranchising grief. I will discuss the loss of an ex spouse, analyze factors that disenfranchise the loss as well as the ways the loss complicates grief. What happens when ones ex spouse dies? Do you attend the funeral services, takes days off from work or cry? Society does not regcnoize nor accept ex spousal death as normal or shall I say should not be talked about. There have been little research conducted supporting the grieving patterns of the loss of an ex spouse. We will write a custom essay sample on Grief Paper or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Losing an ex- spouse can be rewarding for some but very painful for others. The grieving process will depend on the circumstances and the relationship between the former spouses. A major complicating factor of ex- spousal death, in my opinipon is divorce. Divorce is also considered a disenfranchised grief. According to the Census Bureau, the median age at first marriage has risen from 23 for men and 20 for women in 1950 to 28 for men and 26 for women in 2009. Recent surveys have shown that divorce rates in the US now lowering due to factors such as completing college, starting careers, and finding the right person to marry. With that being stated divorce still happens among marriages and it affects more than just two people, children, friends, and even pets. Doka (1986) conducted in-depth interviews with eight surviving ex-spouses focusing on grief reactions to divorce and death and social dislocations adding to bereavement when death follows divorce. Guilt, anger, regret, role ambiguity, and discomfort were found in response to the divorce and death. Doka (1986) emphasized that although divorce ends a marriage, it does not end the relationship between the two persons. Former spouses maintain significant bonds including continued contact with shared children and mutual friends, as well as economic ties such as alimony, child support, and joint property. Continued emotional ties are also common as former spouses may have strong ambivalent feelings toward one another or even harbor fantasies of reconciliation. Doka (1986) found that half of his participants had experienced no significant grief reaction or social difficulties following the death. He attributed this to the fact that, prior to the death, these individuals had successfully resolved their divorce grief and disengaged from their ex-spouse. In contrast, the other half of the participant group experienced significant grief over the death, primarily because they had not yet resolved their pain and grief over the divorce. Doka (1986) found that the most common emotions experienced by the bereaved ex- spouses in his study were intense guilt and regret, as well as continued thoughts about what might have been. In the conclusion of the study he concluded that the level of grief experienced by a surviving ex-spouse is affected by a variety of complex factors. What are the next steps after the death of an ex- spouse? There is not just one correct answer to that question. Everyone is entitled to a healthy grieving process. Whether the death is accepted in society or not every individual should have the right to grieve the persons they loved. There are various ways to cope with grief and it will vary from person to person. Grief and bereavement groups, friends, family and even professional therapy are all ways an individual can use as coping strategies after a death occurs. Grief groups are known to be effective after losing a spouse. At the time of a death you may not realize that there are other people who experiencing the same grief, grief groups are a good way to receive help as well as educating yourself and others. Creating new hobbies or goals are great coping mechinisms as well for those grieving indiviuals. Being active with family and friends can aslo help cope during this difficult time. References Doka, K. (1986). Loss upon loss: The impact of death after divorce

Capital Punishment Essays (570 words) - Penology, Criminal Justice

Capital Punishment When turning on the television, radio, or simply reading the local newspaper, one is overwhelmed with news of arrests, murders, homicides, serial killers, and other serious crimes. It is rare not to go through a day in this world and not hear of these things. Still, some government officials in our country seem a bit uncertain about what steps to take in order to minimize the actions of serious or potential offenders. Not only is it committing a crime, but also today, it is ending ones life, either physically or in a prison cell. This is a risk one is taking when he decides to stab someone with a knife or pull a trigger, but is it really up to our justice system to decide one's fate? There are many issues that address this question of capital punishment such as religion, the effect on society, restitution being denied, the possible "wrongly accused", and the rights of the convicted. But how often do these concepts creep into the publics mind when it hears of our "fair and trusty" government taking away someone's breathing rights? The bible states, "Thou shall not kill," and this being a sin should have to be corrected within oneself. On the other hand, it also states, "Don't judge others personal convictions." It is a government's responsibility to punish people that disobey the law to keep the world in order, but is it their right to take their lives away? It is a Christian's responsibility to point out to those who sin that they do so and this country, trusting in God as it says it does, should do just that. Some people think that restitution is granted when one is sentenced to the death penalty. However, if a loved one is murdered and his family feels justice in having the murderer go through the same, is it not considered equally wrong? Forgiving and forgetting are entirely out of the question, but one should consider the concept of regret and remorse. Just as one feels terrible when wrongfully drives through their neighbors yard, surely a murderer may feel the same. One is only human and no one can expect any more. A mistake is a mistake, no matter whom it may harm or what destruction it may cause. There's always the chance of the innocent being in the wrong place at the wrong time. A handful of evidence from a strong lawyer could sentence someone to life in prison, and even the death penalty. One could be spending and ending his life in captivity for simply walking down the wrong street on the wrong day. Should he have to serve the time that's not rightfully his and take the needle that shouldn't prick his skin? It's a small fault in the justice system that is not easy to overcome, but that's someone's life, and not knowing the truth could be devastating. Abraham Lincoln declared, "All men are created equal." This statement of truth has obviously been left out of consideration in the court room. Everyone deserves a second chance because they are all capable of reformation. The offender should have the chance to go back into the world and prove himself honorable. If solving corruption with immorality is the world's remedy for reconciliation, then why not chop off the thief's hand? "An eye for an eye" was the justice of the past. It is now a modern world based on logic and transformation. Should a government commit a crime to justify another? If capital punishment was solely based on punishing the wrongdoers, there would be no one left to inject the needle or pull the lever on.

The eNotes Blog The Tempest With a Twist and the Nobel inLiterature

The Tempest With a Twist and the Nobel inLiterature One of the reasons for the endurance of the works of William Shakespeare is their ability to be adapted in many different ways. Romeo and Juliet has been set in during the Civil War and in Chicagos ganglands of the 1920s. The Comedy of Errors got the 1970s disco treatment. Richard III was once produced with all the characters in black leather. Now The Tempest is getting a new twist. Helen Mirren has taken on the traditionally male role of Prospero, the powerful magician. Filmmaker Julie Taymor  says she changed the character from Prospero to Prospera  because she wanted Mirren for the role. IMDB offers this summary of the new film: Going back to the 16th or 17th century, women practicing the magical arts of alchemy were often convicted of witchcraft. In Taymors  version, Prospera  is usurped by her brother and sent off with her four-year daughter on a ship. She ends up on an island; its a tabula rasa: no society, so the mother figure becomes a father figure to Miranda. This leads to the power struggle and balance between Caliban and Prospera; a struggle not about brawn, but about intellect. The movie will be in wide release on December 10, 2010.   You can watch the trailer here. In other news, the Nobel Prize in Literature was awarded to Peruvian  novelist, playwright, essayist and cultural critic Mario Vargas Llosa. Llosas works  span over forty years, from   The Time of the Hero (1963),   to The Bad Girl (2007). He is one of the most acclaimed writers in the Spanish-speaking world and a tireless activist who has braved violence for his political positions. Llosa also ran for president. A man of humility, it is reported that Llosa believed the call from the Nobel committee was a joke when he picked up the phone. He nearly hung up, but the caller managed to convince the author that he indeed had won.

Peer Coaching Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Peer Coaching - Assignment Example Program briefing for all teachers: 2 handouts namely: Briefing Handout and Peer Coaching Program Handout are to be given out to all teachers to be signed up and returned. Power point slide presentation on the Briefing handout is to include: Touching the core of teachers by valuing teaching skills through acknowledging the peak highlights of the teaching milestone. Explaining the power of questioning to solve problems, giving and receiving feedback from peer coachers, using reflection tools to build learning and experience, educate and implement the Peer Coaching Observation process. With a worksheet, the observer will note their behaviour, analyze and interpret them, educate and implement the Peer Coaching Feedback process. On a non-teaching day, a 4 hour workshop will be implemented with the teamed volunteers who will note down what they observed from the participating teachers. A follow up will be made one week later with the observation analyzed and interpreted. This process of observation, analysis and interpretation will be passed on to the participating teachers. They will then do their analysis and interpretation and checked by the respective volunteers as evaluation. A centralized hierarchical... Explaining the power of questioning to solve problems, giving and receiving feedback from peer coachers, using reflection tools to build learning and experience, educate and implement the Peer Coaching Observation process. With a worksheet, the observer will note their behaviour, analyze and interpret them, educate and implement the Peer Coaching Feedback process. 3) Selecting teams (matching teachers)Teachers are matched accordingly to the following criteria: same areas of subject, same gender preferences, good fit of time schedule, complementary/ reinforcing personality traits, common agreement to be matched, same set beliefs, same intellectual level, fit of skills and same work attitudesThese fields are tabulated and matched with mutual approvals of the coach andcoachee. 4) Scheduling an initial round of clinical cycles On a non-teaching day, a 4 hour workshop will be implemented with the teamed volunteers who will note down what they observed from the participating teachers. A follow up will be made one week later with the observation analyzed and interpreted. This process of observation, analysis and interpretation will be passed on to the participating teachers. They will then do their analysis and interpretation and checked by the respective volunteers as evaluation. 5) Monitoring the peer-coaching program A centralized hierarchical system will be implemented where monthly, all teachers will submit their data to the volunteering teachers and then to the HODs or sub- heads and meet in person every quarterly year. At all times enquiries and feedbacks can be made informally

Diamond Mining Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Diamond Mining - Essay Example Botswana gained it's independence in 1966. It previously had been the British protectorate of Bechuanaland. It has moved to being one of the richest and most stable African countries on the continent. It is often called the Switzerland of Africa (afdiamonds, 2009). This economy is fueled by diamond mining. Botswana came from being one of the poorest countries in Africa to this. There are still hopes for this country and there are many issues to solve for their poor but they have accomplished much. Botswana is classified as an upper middle class country and the World Bank classifies it as the most affluent country in Africa. The World Bank, (2002) states that it has the fastest growing economy in the world. This growth rate has had to do with their diamond industry and how it has been managed. It must also be noted here that Botswana has been one of the favorites for aide donation over this time of growth. The physical and social infrastructures of this country are highly developed because of the government's ability to increase the ability of its country to use the national resources of diamonds and also manage with aide from other countries as it developed these resources (Wikan, 2004). Diamonds were discovered in Botswana in 1967 after a full search that lasted 12 years. They presently run 4 large diamond mines. Juaning is in Southern Kalahari, Damsha and Lethlahana in the central Kalahari are the largest. These mines exports maintain 80% of export earnings for the country and 45% of their GOP. These mines are jointly owned by DeBeers and Botswana. The government of Botswana has a history of managing this resource well. From early on, mineral rights were vested in the State. The government then would use this on the discovering of good deposits to assure that they had equity interest in the site. They then collected royalties from the other minerals involved such as gold. They designed the 1999 Mines and Minerals Act to allow for foreign investment to occur. This also diversified interests so that the diamond mining was not the only interest of the company to support their economy. The government has kept their ability to apply interests to new discoveries. The political atmosphere and leadership in Botswana has been one of formulating economic reason for the country. When DeBeers became greatly involved in these countries mining processes and the amount of diamonds produced, the government of Botswana remained in the negotiations of all processes and procedures. Politically there were astute throughout the process with excellent leadership and little political conflict. It has to be noted, also, that major mines were situated in area where prior to that there was little or no work available These diamonds lie under Botswana in the Rocks of Kaapaal. There are more kimberlites here than any other place in the world. There are rich deposits of gold, platinum, based metals and minerals in those same places. They have produced more diamonds since 1867 than any other part of the world. The Orapa mine alone is expected to produce at the present rate of production for at least the next 40 years. The expectation is that there will be an operating margin of $130 per ton using the pit mining technique that they presently use. The climate conditions and the available electric power there improve the situation that much more. The country

Theories Of Motivation In High Risk Sports Psychology Essay

Theories Of Motivation In High Risk Sports Psychology Essay Introduction This Chapter will attempt to give the reader a greater understanding of the windsurfing and the definitions and theories of motivation. It will use previous research that has been carried out to examine further some of these theories and observe consistencies and in-consistencies in the area of motivation in sports, outdoor sports and high risk sports. It will then use this information to Purpose of Research Justification Clarification of Terminology Historical Background of Windsurfing In the late 1940s, Newman Darby discovered how to sail a three metre sailboat without using a rudder by leaning the sail towards the fore and aft of the boat. It was not until 1964 that he designed the first universal joint, a component that connects the sail to the board that allows it to move in any direction (http://windsurfingmag.com/how-to/2008/03/26/windsurfing-glossary/). It was not until 1968 that Californian surfer Hoyle Schweitzer and Sailor Jim Drake got together and using Darbys ideas created the first windsurfer. They patented their design and in the 1970s began to produce it widely. It was Darbys concept of the Universal Joint that was at the core of their design that allowed the windsurfer to be steered without a rudder. Initially the windsurfer consisted of only one board which beginners learnt on and experts prevailed on. Everyone used the same kit regardless of the conditions or skill. (http://www.windsurfing-academy.com/information_bank/history/the_history_of_windsurfing.asp). The board was made from polyethylene, was 12 feet (3.5m) long and weighed 60 pounds (27kg) By the late 1970s windsurfing had taken a firm hold of America and Europe with one in every three households in Europe possessing a windsurfer. (http://www.windsurfing-academy.com/information_bank/history/the_history_of_windsurfing.asp, The Windsurfing Movie, 200?) The first world championships for windsurfing was held in 1973 and windsurfing became an Olympic sport for men in 1984 and in 1992 for women. Patent Abstract: Wind-propelled apparatus in which a mast is universally mounted on a craft and supports a boom and sail. Specifically a pair of curved booms are accurately connected athwart the mast and secure the sail there between, the position of the mast and sail being controllable by the user but being substantially free from pivotal restraint in the absence of such control. http://inventors.about.com/od/wstartinventions/a/windsurfing.htm Development of Windsurfing This section will look at how windsurfing has developed both in relation to the equipment designs and the attitudes towards it. It will also look at where windsurfing is today and attempt to predict the direction it may be heading towards. Definitions of Motivation For the purpose of this research it is important to understand what is meant by the term motivation. This section provides several definitions for motivation along with further information to bear in mind about the term motivation The term Motivation is derived from the Latin word movere meaning to move (Onions 1996) cited in (Moran, 2004). The concept of motivation can be defined as The hypothetical construct used to describe the internal and/or external forces that produce the initiation, direction, intensity and persistence of behaviour (Vallerand Losier 1999) cited in (Vallerand Rousseau, 2001) Motivation can also be defined as being concerned with those factors which initiate or energise behavior (Moran, 2004, p. 38). Sage (1977) cited in (Festeu, 2002) states that motivation is the energizing element of personality which is reflected in individuals direction and intensity of effort. Within the field of sports psychology motivational issues are implicated when a person undertakes a task at which he or she is evaluated or enters into competition with others, or attempts to attain some standard of excellence (Roberts, 2001, p.6) cited in (Moran, 2004, p. 38). Various theories of motivation will be looked at in greater detail within the next chapter Theories of Motivation. According to Roberts (2001) cited in (Moran, 2004), motivation is one of the most misunderstood constructs in sports psychology. Roberts (2001) states there are three reasons for this. Firstly motivation is often confused with arousal. Roberts (2001) states arousal needs to be channeled in a specific direction for motivation to occur. Secondly Roberts (2001) states that motivation cannot be enhanced through positive thinking as commonly believed. Research on goal setting shows peoples objectives have to be controllable and realistic to be effective. Finally some coaches believe that motivation is inherited genetically something which is also contradicted by research which shows motivation can be changed through appropriate instruction. Roberts (2001) cited in (Moran, 2004, p. 39). Arousal Theories of Motivation Introduction This section will look at the various theories of motivation that have been developed over the years. These theories are not all directly relevant to the subject of this research but are necessary to allow a greater understanding of the area and theories, both past and current, of motivation. It will also look at the different types of motivation and the different factors that affect them. It will draw on information from various studies using these theories to attempt to develop a further understanding of these theories and how they are relevant to the areas of said studies. Instinct Theory Most current sports psychology can be traced back to William James (Model, 2005). James (1890) published an article called What is instinct. James suggested that interest plays an essential role towards attention and consequent behaviour. This theory bears many similarities to the Self Determination Theory proposed by Deci Ryan (1985). The Self Determination Theory will be further discussed later in this section. Sigmund Freud (1915) provided one of the earliest theories of motivation reviving James theories. Freud (1915) cited in (Model, 2005) suggested that individuals are passive beings and are moved by instincts, the main two being sex and aggression. Together these formed Freuds (1923) Instinct Theory (Model, 2005), (Vallerand Rousseau, 2001). A major criticism of Freuds theory is that instincts can be hard to identify. Freuds theory also fails to take into account the effect the environment may have on motivation. (Silva III Stevens, 2001). Need Achievement Theory The Need Achievement Theory considers both personality and situational factors as important predictors of behaviour. (Atkimson, 1974) cited in (Festeu, 2002). Personality refers to an individuals drive towards success and avoidance of failure. Murry 1938 Atkimson 1974 festeu(3) Drive Theory Drive Theory is an expansion of Freuds Instinct Theory put forward by Clark Hull (1948). Freuds Instinct Theory was originally named the drive theory but was later re-named. (Model, 2005). Hull concluded that motivational behaviours derive from one of four drives: sex, hunger, thirst and pain avoidance. A drive occurs and provides energy for action Hull (1938) cited in (Model, 2005). Hulls theory creates a link between instincts or drives and behaviour. According to Hulls theory, as these drives occur, such as hunger, we become motivated to reduce these drives to zero in this case by eating. This is the first theory that implies extrinsic motivation. (Model, 2005). Flaws observed within Hulls Drive theory came to light as better understandings of arousal and its effects on people came to light. Arousal will be discussed further in the next chapter Factors That Affect Motivation in Sport. Hulls Drive Theory also did not take into account of the differing levels of motivation between different tasks and individuals. (Silva III Stevens, 2001) Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Self Determination Theory The Self Determination Theory is a model of human motivation that stems from the innate needs for competence, autonomy and relatedness within the environment. It provides an over-riding framework for intrinsic and extrinsic motivation. (Baldwin Caldwell, 2003) The Self Determination theory proposes that these psychological needs and the social environment will determine one of many motivations. Each motivation can have varied effects on our thoughts, behaviours and feelings. These motivations fall along a continuum and are all connected to each other (Deci Ryan, 1985) cited in (Model, 2005) Self Determination Theory (cooke, Fielding).pngCited in (Cooke Fielding, 2010) As the scale above displays, motivation can be divided into six different forms from intrinsic motivation at one end of a scale to extrinsic motivation at the other end (Deci Ryan 1985) cited in (Baldwin Caldwell, 2003). Amotivation refers to no motivation at all. (Baldwin Caldwell, 2003) describe it as a way of describing behavior which is neither regulated or intentional. Extrinsic Motivation Extrinsic motivation refers to engaging in an activity as a means to an end and not for its own sake (Vallerand Fortier, 1998) cited in (Moran, 2004, p. 40). It can be separated into non-internalised and internalised, as displayed in the diagram above. Internalised forms of extrinsic motivation carry some intrinsic factors contributing towards behavior but the primary reasons are still external. External Regulation External regulation is the most extreme form of extrinsic motivation. (Baldwin Caldwell, 2003). This refers to the doing of an activity solely to satisfy external demands such as for a reward or to avoid punishment. Introjected Regulation Introjected regulation is based on self controlled, ego orientated behavior that is usually driven by what others may think. Introjected motivation is not autonomous but rather externally focused behavior usually carried out to avoid guilt of anxiety or to maintain status or feelings of self worth. (Baldwin Caldwell, 2003). Identified Regulation Identified regulation has elements of intrinsic motivation but behavior is undertaken for primarily external reasons. (Baldwin Caldwell, 2003). An example of this is cross-training in sports. Windsurfers may partake in other exercises such as running or cycling not for the enjoyment but to maintain or increase fitness for windsurfing. They may enjoy the running or cycling but this is not their primary reason for participation. Integrated Regulation Integrated regulation is the most autonomous form of extrinsic motivation. A person carries out this behavior because it represents what they stand for. This can be demonstrated amongst volunteers for non-profit organisations. They carry out behavior for external rewards often with little compensation or direct benefit to themselves. Intrinsic Motivation Intrinsic motivation refers to peoples reasons for undertaking an activity for itself and the pleasure and satisfaction derived from participation (ibid., p.390) cited in (Moran, 2004, p. 39). This can also be described as the pursuit of an activity that one finds interesting and is engaged in for the inherent satisfaction derived from participation. (Baldwin Caldwell, 2003). Factors that Affect Motivation and Participation in Sports This section will observe the varying factors that encourage or discourage participation in sport or physical activity as a whole. It will draw on information gathered from the previous chapter and relate them directly to sport using research already carried out in the area of motivation in sports (5 buzz junkies) (8 understanding participation in sports) (The Art of Healthy Risk Taking) Motivation in Outdoor Activities This section will attempt to further explore the area of motivation towards the area of outdoor activity. It will explore motivational factors in various areas and various sports that draw from the natural environment to provide a medium to undertake the specific activities. It will also draw on research already carried out in this area to attempt to develop a greater understanding of any consistencies or in-consistencies in this area. Arousal (5 buzz junkies) (The Art of Healthy Risk Taking)(festeu 4) Risk Taking Nature and risk in adventure sports Philosophy, risk adventure sports Is Windsurfing an Extreme Sport? Windsurfing is commonly regarded as an Extreme sport however this term may be misleading. This label was attached to various alternative sports by the media originally in North America in an effort to attract the more lucrative teenage audience. (Dant Wheaton, 2007). The term High Risk is now commonly used by researchers in the field of these sports in place of the term extreme. It can be observed that the majority of windsurfing practised by most windsurfers cannot be described as high risk due to the fairly low risk of injury. (Dant Wheaton, 2007). It is important to remember that the more hazardous conditions attempted by many windsurfers by entering the seas in winds upwards of gale force and large swells still constitutes a high risk environment to enter. With this in mind, windsurfing can only really be described as a high risk sport when undertaken in such adverse conditions that if gear failure or rider error were to occur, self rescue would be close to an impossibility. This section will examine risk taking both real and perceived in the area of motivation and attempt to create an understanding of how this may alter individuals attitudes towards general activities and then specifically high risk sports. (The Art of Healthy Risk Taking) (To the Extremes out of the gene pool) What is even stranger is that some people go beyond being observers and take real risks, and expose themselves to real harm of 2 DANGER one kind or another, and that they do so completely voluntarily. Why do people, of their own free will, participate in such activities as sky diving, mountaineering, bungee-jumping, white-water rafting, big wave surfing, pot-holing, base jumping, cave diving, and hang-gliding? In this respect, it is interesting that new forms of voluntary risk are continually emerging or being invented in different parts of the world, and this seems to have been particularly true in the last decade or so. (Danger quest for excitement) Environment This section will examine how the natural environment can affect attitudes and motivation towards participation in activities. (To the Extremes out of the gene pool) (6 Environmental Factors) Gender Differences in Motivation (5 buzz junkies) (13 where have all the windsurfers gone) Windsurfing as a subculture rather than a sport Windsurfing is part of a group of activities born during the counter-culture movements of the 1960s Midol (1993) cited in (Wilkinson, 2010), (Dant Wheaton, 2007). Other activities in this catagory include skateboarding, snowboarding and the resurgence of surfing. As Belinda Wheaton (2003) Does Windsurfing require a different motivational pattern to other sports? Sport commitment of windsurfers Sports Motivation Scale Free Time Motivational Scale Sport Commitment Model Sport commitment of windsurfers (2) Research Questions

Wireless Power Transfer

IntroductionWe can non conceive of modern universe without power and twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours, the use of power is increasing, but utilizing it in the most effectual manner is the biggest concern now. After the radical alteration in engineering site, sometimes the manner of power transportation is a weighty issue. Wireless power transmittal is necessary in instances where fleeting power transportation is needed, because sometimes semisynthetic music directors are non perfect for power transmittal in few sectors. Wireless Power Transfer ( WPT ) is a transmittal where electrical energy is transmitted from a power beginning to an electrical burden through an air spread with the aid of electromagnetic field. In last few old ages, there is a dramatic advancement in this sector but still it is in child degree. Background and aim Wireless power transmittal is a construct which was proposed by Nicola Tesla in the late 1800s.That clip it may sound futuristic, but Tesla’s did it enormously. No uncertainty research workers have found safer and more effectual methods of wireless power transportation, since Tesla ‘s cardinal check. It is called resonating inductive yoke, the most promising engineering that has been bloomed. The engineering takes advantage of moving ridge harmonics. From two spirals, wave harmonics make a strong nexus of magnetic moving ridges and vibrate it. Although the original initiation spiral was created by Nicholas Callan ( 1799-1864 ) , in 1836 a priest and the professor of natural doctrine, but Nicola Tesla’s spirals created the discovery for Wireless power transmittal. The chief point is why we want to utilize wireless engineering to route information when all the maps can be arranged with wired elements? Extinguishing reckons of overseas telegrams is the lone existent reply. Many medical equipments require a uninterrupted power beginning. If wires may set-up through someone’s organic structure, the hazard of shorting causes a hazard of infection for patients. Cell phones, earphones, game accountants, personal digital helpers ( PDAs ) and Internet contraptions all require a three to four pes single wire to utilize in the auto. Most of these wires are created an uncomfortable environment in the wire. WPT utilizing magnetic: Wireless Power transportation ( WPT ) is divided by two parts, one is near-field and another one is far-field parts. Although Radio Waves and LASER engineering are widely used for far-field part, but these are non excessively much efficient for near-field part. In near-field part, three techniques of wireless power transportation are used. Air ionisation is one of them, but it is a toughest technique and is non executable for practical execution. Other two techniques are really effectual, which are called magnetic inductive yoke and magnetic resonance inductive yoke. Magnetic inductive yoke is the most comprehensive method of wireless power transmittal. Interior designers can acquire some benefits from magnetic initiation instead than the wireless moving ridges. If modulated magnetic field is used to direct a signal through the air allows for a low-priced, low-power communications system. Radio waves communicate by distributing a plane moving ridge in unfastened infinite. On the other manus magnetic system is based on quasi-static magnetic field which is around the transmission spiral. It is based on the rule of change overing and conveying the magnetic flux ( ? ) between two spirals ( primary and secondary spirals ) which are non connected by wires. Transformer, electric coppice, radio bear downing tablets are the illustrations of magnetic initiation. But this method is impractical when it comes to reassigning power to longer distances. For such an experiment, it is needed that the spirals are excessively close to each other so that the short magnetic field is produced. When it is a affair of long distance, a immense magnetic field is needed and spirals should be multiple. Due to the flow of magnetic field in different waies, counter steps should be calculated to salvage the power loss. May be this is theoretically possible but is non possible practically. Magnetic resonance inductive yoke is the procedure which is used for longer distances power transportation. It is a combination of inductive yoke and resonance. Resonance is interacted with two objects really strongly. In this procedure capacitance is connected parallel to the spiral and spiral provides the induction. The resonating capacitances wipe out the divergent induction in the receiving system. Resonance Inductive Coupling ( RIC ) is extremely effectual than inductive yoke ( IC ) and RIC can be transfer power to multiple devices whereas inductive yoke is reassigning power to individual device. Magnetic initiation vs. Radio Waves: Magnetic initiation can keep a scope bound which is around 3 metres. On the other manus, wireless waive is non governable and range bound is minimal 10 metres or more. Related work: When Tesla spiral is invented, the thought of wireless power was unveiled. Now â€Å"WiTricity† is an American technology company, but in 2007 WiTricity was a undertaking of MIT pupils, where research workers were able to successfully light a 60 W visible radiation bulb wirelessly, which was 7ft off. At a glimpse, it is originally extended version of magnetic initiation up to a few metres. The chief difference is resonance ; if the magnetic resonance is same for transmitter and receiving system, energy can expeditiously be transferred and loss of power is really little. Using resonance is about 106 times efficient than without resonance. The frequence of resonation can be measured by the equation given below. Resonant Frequency = Coil Inductance x Capacitance The dramatic accomplishment of the MIT research squad is how to ticket tune the application so that the close field addition distances for a few metres, on the other manus restricting the power radiated through the far field. In 2008, Tesla’s experiment was rebuilt by Intel, which was wirelessly powering a light bulb. And in 2009, Sony exhibited a Television, which was wireless-powered at a scope of 20 inches. Very recent April 17, 2014 was another discovery for Wireless power transportation utilizing magnetic resonance. Chun T. Rim, a professor of Nuclear & A ; Quantum Engineering at KAIST and his squad developed a system, which can bear down 40 smart phones at the same time, with a highest end product power of 209 W at 20 kilohertz and power beginning can 5 metres off from receiving system. The name of this system is â€Å" Dipole Coil Resonant System ( DCRS ) † which is an drawn-out version of inductive power transportation. Using this system a big LED Television with 40 W-fans can be powered from maximal 5-meter distance.No uncertainty, that it is a radical accomplishment after WiTricity. Advantages 1. Wireless charging: Now inductive bear downing has promised with our nomadic devices, Electric Vehicle wholly free from cord and it protects our connexions. When electronics are enclosed, there is no opportunity of corrosion. Sometimes embedded medical devices are needed to be charged, but the hazard of infection, wires penetrate through tegument should be avoided. Durability is another benefit of inductive charging. 2. High Efficiency over a Distance: Electricity, which is created by the beginning and is extremely efficient around several metres. 3. Penetrate and Frisk Around the barrier: Power transportation system is really flexible for industrial or commercial environment. Most of the edifices are furnished by wood, glass, plastics, fabrics etc. which are non created any obstructor of transmittal system. In add-on, the system has an ability to frolic around many metallic barriers. 4. Control the scope of power degree: It is possible to accomplish commanding power degree over distance. Wireless mouse and keyboard like electronic devices need milliwatts and when it is a affair of electric rider vehicle, so it gives you kilowatts. 5. Safe for nature: Cause of magnetic near field, this engineering is wholly free from Radiative manner and that’s why it is safe for nature. Biological beings are really decrepit interact with magnetic field. The world-renowned physicist Sir John Pendry of Imperial College London explains: â€Å" The organic structure truly responds strongly to electric Fieldss, which is why you can cook a poulet in a microwave. But it does n't react to magnetic Fieldss. Equally far as we know the organic structure has about zero response to magnetic Fieldss in footings of the sum of power it absorbs † . Research Aims: Wireless coursers for Electric Vehicles ( EVs ) would be a convenient characteristic, which is given a great solution of avoid to retrieve the stopper in a power overseas telegram after parking the vehicle. Wireless bear downing for Electric Vehicles is a system necessitating high electrical power ( up to 100s of kW ) and broad country of wireless power transmittal which increases electromagnetic field exposure. There are two types of radio bear downing engineerings applicable for EVs. inductive power transportation ( IPT ) system, which is known as Decision: The Wireless Power Transmission was a legendary effort by Nikola Tesla. After 120 old ages, reproduced of Tesla’s experiment agencies, necessity of engineering can ne'er be hidden. Presently the engineering is in advancement and all the twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours research workers are seeking their best and defeated the powerful challenges. Although â€Å"WiTricity† and â€Å" Dipole Coil Resonant System ( DCRS ) † are about new engineerings, but the cardinal rule is magnetic inductive with resonance yoke. However, the most update radio power transmittal system is excessively dearly-won and immature, but the twenty-four hours is non so far when wireless power transportation utilizing magnetic is the most diacritic and sustainable option of current system. Mentions: 1 ) Sun-Hee Kim, Yong-Seok Lim, and Seung-Jun Lee, † Magnetic Resonant Coupling Based Wireless Power Transfer System with In-Band Communication† , JOURNAL OF SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, VOL.13, NO.6, DECEMBER, 2013 2 ) S. Sheik Mohammed, K. Ramasamy, T. Shanmuganantham, â€Å"Wireless Power Transmission – A Next Generation Power Transmission System† , 2010 International Journal of Computer Applications ( 0975 – 8887 ) , Volume 1 – No.13 3 ) Chun T. Rim, â€Å"Wireless power transportation achieved at 5-meter distance† hypertext transfer protocol: //www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-04/tkai-wpt041714.php 4 ) Rajen Biswa, â€Å"Feasibility of Wireless Power Transmission† , May, 2012 5 ) Wireless Power Technology hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wirelesspowerconsortium.com/technology/ 6 ) Liguang Xie, Yi Shi Y, Thomas Hou,Wenjing Lou, † Wireless Power Transfer and Applications to Sensor Networks† , Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA 7 ) Prof. Jenshan Lin, â€Å"Wireless Power Transmission: From Far-Field to Near-Field† , University of Florida Gainesville, Florida, USA Wireless Power Transfer IntroductionWe can non conceive of modern universe without power and twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours, the use of power is increasing, but utilizing it in the most effectual manner is the biggest concern now. After the radical alteration in engineering site, sometimes the manner of power transportation is a weighty issue. Wireless power transmittal is necessary in instances where fleeting power transportation is needed, because sometimes semisynthetic music directors are non perfect for power transmittal in few sectors. Wireless Power Transfer ( WPT ) is a transmittal where electrical energy is transmitted from a power beginning to an electrical burden through an air spread with the aid of electromagnetic field. In last few old ages, there is a dramatic advancement in this sector but still it is in child degree. Background and aim Wireless power transmittal is a construct which was proposed by Nicola Tesla in the late 1800s.That clip it may sound futuristic, but Tesla’s did it enormously. No uncertainty research workers have found safer and more effectual methods of wireless power transportation, since Tesla ‘s cardinal check. It is called resonating inductive yoke, the most promising engineering that has been bloomed. The engineering takes advantage of moving ridge harmonics. From two spirals, wave harmonics make a strong nexus of magnetic moving ridges and vibrate it. Although the original initiation spiral was created by Nicholas Callan ( 1799-1864 ) , in 1836 a priest and the professor of natural doctrine, but Nicola Tesla’s spirals created the discovery for Wireless power transmittal. The chief point is why we want to utilize wireless engineering to route information when all the maps can be arranged with wired elements? Extinguishing reckons of overseas telegrams is the lone existent reply. Many medical equipments require a uninterrupted power beginning. If wires may set-up through someone’s organic structure, the hazard of shorting causes a hazard of infection for patients. Cell phones, earphones, game accountants, personal digital helpers ( PDAs ) and Internet contraptions all require a three to four pes single wire to utilize in the auto. Most of these wires are created an uncomfortable environment in the wire. WPT utilizing magnetic: Wireless Power transportation ( WPT ) is divided by two parts, one is near-field and another one is far-field parts. Although Radio Waves and LASER engineering are widely used for far-field part, but these are non excessively much efficient for near-field part. In near-field part, three techniques of wireless power transportation are used. Air ionisation is one of them, but it is a toughest technique and is non executable for practical execution. Other two techniques are really effectual, which are called magnetic inductive yoke and magnetic resonance inductive yoke. Magnetic inductive yoke is the most comprehensive method of wireless power transmittal. Interior designers can acquire some benefits from magnetic initiation instead than the wireless moving ridges. If modulated magnetic field is used to direct a signal through the air allows for a low-priced, low-power communications system. Radio waves communicate by distributing a plane moving ridge in unfastened infinite. On the other manus magnetic system is based on quasi-static magnetic field which is around the transmission spiral. It is based on the rule of change overing and conveying the magnetic flux ( ? ) between two spirals ( primary and secondary spirals ) which are non connected by wires. Transformer, electric coppice, radio bear downing tablets are the illustrations of magnetic initiation. But this method is impractical when it comes to reassigning power to longer distances. For such an experiment, it is needed that the spirals are excessively close to each other so that the short magnetic field is produced. When it is a affair of long distance, a immense magnetic field is needed and spirals should be multiple. Due to the flow of magnetic field in different waies, counter steps should be calculated to salvage the power loss. May be this is theoretically possible but is non possible practically. Magnetic resonance inductive yoke is the procedure which is used for longer distances power transportation. It is a combination of inductive yoke and resonance. Resonance is interacted with two objects really strongly. In this procedure capacitance is connected parallel to the spiral and spiral provides the induction. The resonating capacitances wipe out the divergent induction in the receiving system. Resonance Inductive Coupling ( RIC ) is extremely effectual than inductive yoke ( IC ) and RIC can be transfer power to multiple devices whereas inductive yoke is reassigning power to individual device. Magnetic initiation vs. Radio Waves: Magnetic initiation can keep a scope bound which is around 3 metres. On the other manus, wireless waive is non governable and range bound is minimal 10 metres or more. Related work: When Tesla spiral is invented, the thought of wireless power was unveiled. Now â€Å"WiTricity† is an American technology company, but in 2007 WiTricity was a undertaking of MIT pupils, where research workers were able to successfully light a 60 W visible radiation bulb wirelessly, which was 7ft off. At a glimpse, it is originally extended version of magnetic initiation up to a few metres. The chief difference is resonance ; if the magnetic resonance is same for transmitter and receiving system, energy can expeditiously be transferred and loss of power is really little. Using resonance is about 106 times efficient than without resonance. The frequence of resonation can be measured by the equation given below. Resonant Frequency = Coil Inductance x Capacitance The dramatic accomplishment of the MIT research squad is how to ticket tune the application so that the close field addition distances for a few metres, on the other manus restricting the power radiated through the far field. In 2008, Tesla’s experiment was rebuilt by Intel, which was wirelessly powering a light bulb. And in 2009, Sony exhibited a Television, which was wireless-powered at a scope of 20 inches. Very recent April 17, 2014 was another discovery for Wireless power transportation utilizing magnetic resonance. Chun T. Rim, a professor of Nuclear & A ; Quantum Engineering at KAIST and his squad developed a system, which can bear down 40 smart phones at the same time, with a highest end product power of 209 W at 20 kilohertz and power beginning can 5 metres off from receiving system. The name of this system is â€Å" Dipole Coil Resonant System ( DCRS ) † which is an drawn-out version of inductive power transportation. Using this system a big LED Television with 40 W-fans can be powered from maximal 5-meter distance.No uncertainty, that it is a radical accomplishment after WiTricity. Advantages 1. Wireless charging: Now inductive bear downing has promised with our nomadic devices, Electric Vehicle wholly free from cord and it protects our connexions. When electronics are enclosed, there is no opportunity of corrosion. Sometimes embedded medical devices are needed to be charged, but the hazard of infection, wires penetrate through tegument should be avoided. Durability is another benefit of inductive charging. 2. High Efficiency over a Distance: Electricity, which is created by the beginning and is extremely efficient around several metres. 3. Penetrate and Frisk Around the barrier: Power transportation system is really flexible for industrial or commercial environment. Most of the edifices are furnished by wood, glass, plastics, fabrics etc. which are non created any obstructor of transmittal system. In add-on, the system has an ability to frolic around many metallic barriers. 4. Control the scope of power degree: It is possible to accomplish commanding power degree over distance. Wireless mouse and keyboard like electronic devices need milliwatts and when it is a affair of electric rider vehicle, so it gives you kilowatts. 5. Safe for nature: Cause of magnetic near field, this engineering is wholly free from Radiative manner and that’s why it is safe for nature. Biological beings are really decrepit interact with magnetic field. The world-renowned physicist Sir John Pendry of Imperial College London explains: â€Å" The organic structure truly responds strongly to electric Fieldss, which is why you can cook a poulet in a microwave. But it does n't react to magnetic Fieldss. Equally far as we know the organic structure has about zero response to magnetic Fieldss in footings of the sum of power it absorbs † . Research Aims: Wireless coursers for Electric Vehicles ( EVs ) would be a convenient characteristic, which is given a great solution of avoid to retrieve the stopper in a power overseas telegram after parking the vehicle. Wireless bear downing for Electric Vehicles is a system necessitating high electrical power ( up to 100s of kW ) and broad country of wireless power transmittal which increases electromagnetic field exposure. There are two types of radio bear downing engineerings applicable for EVs. inductive power transportation ( IPT ) system, which is known as Decision: The Wireless Power Transmission was a legendary effort by Nikola Tesla. After 120 old ages, reproduced of Tesla’s experiment agencies, necessity of engineering can ne'er be hidden. Presently the engineering is in advancement and all the twenty-four hours by twenty-four hours research workers are seeking their best and defeated the powerful challenges. Although â€Å"WiTricity† and â€Å" Dipole Coil Resonant System ( DCRS ) † are about new engineerings, but the cardinal rule is magnetic inductive with resonance yoke. However, the most update radio power transmittal system is excessively dearly-won and immature, but the twenty-four hours is non so far when wireless power transportation utilizing magnetic is the most diacritic and sustainable option of current system. Mentions: 1 ) Sun-Hee Kim, Yong-Seok Lim, and Seung-Jun Lee, † Magnetic Resonant Coupling Based Wireless Power Transfer System with In-Band Communication† , JOURNAL OF SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNOLOGY AND SCIENCE, VOL.13, NO.6, DECEMBER, 2013 2 ) S. Sheik Mohammed, K. Ramasamy, T. Shanmuganantham, â€Å"Wireless Power Transmission – A Next Generation Power Transmission System† , 2010 International Journal of Computer Applications ( 0975 – 8887 ) , Volume 1 – No.13 3 ) Chun T. Rim, â€Å"Wireless power transportation achieved at 5-meter distance† hypertext transfer protocol: //www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2014-04/tkai-wpt041714.php 4 ) Rajen Biswa, â€Å"Feasibility of Wireless Power Transmission† , May, 2012 5 ) Wireless Power Technology hypertext transfer protocol: //www.wirelesspowerconsortium.com/technology/ 6 ) Liguang Xie, Yi Shi Y, Thomas Hou,Wenjing Lou, † Wireless Power Transfer and Applications to Sensor Networks† , Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, USA 7 ) Prof. Jenshan Lin, â€Å"Wireless Power Transmission: From Far-Field to Near-Field† , University of Florida Gainesville, Florida, USA

Creating Corporate Advantage Essay

Most executives focus on individual elements of their resources, business, and organization without integrating all the parts into a whole. First, it is important to understand what a good corporate strategy is. According to the authors, it is not a random collection of individual building blocks, rather a fully constructed system of interdependent parts. In order for the organization to thrive, executives must actively direct decisions about resources the corporation will develop, and the business in which it will compete. During this, the executives must make sure all elements are aligned with one another. By applying the triangle of corporate strategy, the strengths of all special assets, skills and capabilities will illustrate how each element "fits. " The Resource Continuum is another model that shows the basis for corporate advantage along a continuum. This model can be applied differently to different business, as one size does not fit all. Many companies choose to integrate other businesses based on products rather than resources, and end up with a "plain vanilla" infrastructure. By following this continuum it will constrain the set of businesses to compete in while limiting th There is no one best way to design a product, make a product, manage operations, or serve customers. The â€Å"best way† depends on a firm’s objectives, resources, competencies, and context (products and customers). Firms choose to compete in different ways. A firm’s strategy defines how it will compete in the marketplace–its own best way. Strategy formulation involves (1) defining the primary task, (2) assessing core competencies, (3) determining order winners and order qualifiers, and (4) positioning the firm. The secret to effective strategy? Excel on the order winners, meet the order qualifiers, capitalize on core competencies, and maintain focus. Corporate strategy drives functional strategy. Functional strategies must be consistent with and supportive of corporate strategy. Strategic decisions in the operations function involve products and services, processes and technology, capacity and facilities, human resources, quality, sourcing, and operating systems. Policy deployment is a planning system that helps align day-to-day operating decisions with the company’s overall strategy.

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